大唐西域求法高僧傳 - 苾芻法朗

苾芻法朗者。梵名達摩提婆(唐云法天)襄州襄陽人也。住靈集寺。俗姓安實。乃家傳禮義門襲冠纓。童年出家欽修是務。遂離桑梓遊涉嶺南。淨至番禺報知行李。雖復學悟非遠而實希尚情深。意喜相隨同越滄海。未經一月屆乎佛逝。亦既至此業行是修。曉夜端心。習因明之祕冊。晨昏勵想。聽俱舍之幽宗。既而一簣已傾。庶罔隤於九仞。三藏虔念。擬剋成乎五篇。弗憚劬勞性有聰識。復能志託弘益抄寫忘疲。乞食自濟但有三衣。袒膊塗跣遵修上儀。雖未成於角立。終有慕於囊錐。凡百徒侶咸希自樂。爾獨標心利生是恪。恪勤何始專思至理。若能弘廣願於悲生。冀大明於慈氏。年二十四矣。其僧貞固等四人。既而附舶俱至佛逝。學經三載梵漢漸通。法朗須往訶陵國。在彼經夏遇疾而卒。懷業戀居佛逝不返番禺。唯有貞固道宏相隨。俱還廣府。各並淹留且住更待後追。貞固遂於三藏道場敷揚律教。未終三載染患身亡。道宏獨在嶺南。爾來逈絕消息。雖每顧問音信不通。嗟乎四子俱汎滄波。竭力盡誠思然法炬。誰知業有長短各阻去留。每一念來傷歎無及。是知麟喻難就危命易虧。所有福田共相資濟。龍華初會俱出塵勞耳。



法朗法師,梵文名「達摩提婆」(Dharmadeva,意譯為「法天」),是襄州襄陽(今湖北襄陽)人。他出身於一個講究禮義、重視學問的家庭,俗姓安,名實。自幼便對佛法懷有敬仰之心,年紀很小就出家修行,一心鑽研佛學。

他早年在靈集寺修習戒律與經論,後來決心離開家鄉,到嶺南一帶雲遊求法,最後到達番禺(今廣州)。法朗發願前往印度取經學法,雖然當時學問尚淺,但志向宏遠,信念堅定。他與幾位志同道合的僧侶一同啟程,渡海西行,不到一個月便抵達佛逝國(今印尼蘇門答臘一帶的室利佛逝王國,當時為東南亞重要的佛教中心)。


到了佛逝之後,法朗日夜不懈地修行。他精研《因明論》(探討佛教邏輯、推理與思辨方法的經典)與《俱舍論》(阿毘達磨學派的重要論書,闡述心理與存在的理論)。他深知修行如築高山,即使一簣之土也不可少,於是立志要完成五部經論的學習。雖然艱苦,他從不怨懟。

法朗資質聰穎,記憶力強,學習又勤奮。他平日抄寫佛經從不知倦,靠乞食維生,身上只帶三衣(僧侶最基本的衣物),不講奢華,舉止嚴謹,恪守戒律。雖然名聲尚未遠播,但才德兼備,受僧眾敬重。同行的法友多半滿足於自身修行,但法朗志在弘法利生,心懷悲願,願以一生弘揚佛法、救度眾生。

他不僅追求理論理解,更立願實踐慈悲與智慧,希望能普利一切眾生,並期望將來能於彌勒菩薩成佛時的「龍華三會」中,與一切有緣眾生共同成道。當時,他才年僅二十四歲。


法朗與僧人貞固、道宏等四人同行,一同乘船抵達佛逝,學法三年後,梵文與漢文已能互通。之後法朗準備前往訶陵國(今印尼爪哇地區)繼續修行,但在當地結夏安居期間(佛教僧侶每年雨季期間禁止遠行、靜修的傳統)不幸染病,圓寂於彼地。他原本計畫返回番禺,但未能如願,長眠異鄉。

當時僅剩貞固與道宏兩人隨行,他們護送法朗的遺物回到廣州,暫時留居當地,等待後來同伴。貞固法師後來在三藏道場講授《律藏》,宣揚佛教戒法,但三年後也因病去世。道宏一人留在嶺南,從此音訊全無。雖有人多次打聽,但最終仍未得知他的下落。


法朗與三位同伴四人,曾經為追求真理、求法渡海,燃起弘法之志。他們竭盡心力,願以生命續佛法之燈,但世事無常,命運各異,或客死異鄉,或音訊斷絕。每每想起,令人不勝感嘆。這也讓人深悟:人世間賢才難得,生命又是如此脆弱短暫。願他們四人同登彌勒龍華法會,超脫塵世勞苦,重聚於清淨法筵之中。


【註解】

  1. 佛逝國(Srivijaya)
     位於今印尼蘇門答臘島的古代佛教王國,7–11世紀時是東南亞重要的佛教與學術中心,許多中國、日本的僧侶曾赴此學法(如唐代義淨法師)。

  2. 結夏安居
     佛教僧侶於每年雨季期間(約三個月)不得遠行,在寺中靜修、誦經、思惟佛法的制度。此傳統起於佛陀時代,旨在避免雨季外出誤傷蟲蟻與眾生。

  3. 因明論
     即佛教邏輯學,研究推理與辯證的方法,為印度佛教「因明學」的一部分,後來傳入中國成為高級佛學科目。

  4. 俱舍論(阿毘達磨俱舍論)
     由印度哲學家世親(Vasubandhu)所作,屬「有部」論書,探討宇宙、心理、業報、修行等主題,是佛教論理體系的重要經典。

  5. 龍華三會
     指彌勒菩薩於未來成佛時,在龍華樹下三次說法度眾的法會,象徵修行者最終能共證菩提的理想境界。

  6. 三藏道場
     以《經》、《律》、《論》三藏為核心的修學道場,唐代以來是僧侶講經弘法的中心。

類神經學習筆記(一)

 def km_to_mile(km):

    return km / 1.609  # 真實轉換值


# 初始設定

km = float(input("請輸入公里數:"))

true_mile = km_to_mile(km)

factor = 0.5  # 任意起始係數

lr = 0.01     # 學習率

max_iter = 10000  # 最大迭代次數


for i in range(max_iter):

    predicted_mile = km * factor

    error = predicted_mile - true_mile


    if abs(error) < 0.1:

        print(f"迭代次數:{i}")

        print(f"最終預測英哩:{predicted_mile:.4f}")

        print(f"真實英哩:{true_mile:.4f}")

        print(f"誤差:{error:.4f}")

        print(f"學到的係數:{factor:.6f}")

        break


    # 調整係數:簡單梯度下降

    factor -= lr * error


else:

    print("未能在指定次數內達到誤差要求")

English writing practice 2025-5/11

After graduating from university and working for several years, I developed the mindset that a job should be related to one’s interests. People would want to quit the job because of because it becomes boring.

I have to write purchase proposal documents and review electrical power system design drawings at the start of my workday. Next, I communicate with other sections to schedule engineering processes and coordinate work interfaces with different departments. The most important is I forecast material requirements and prepare those items/components in the warehouse before the project starts. Recently, I am tired of my daily duties and have thought about studying for a degree in quantum information philosophy.

Although I would like to study abroad and get a PhD, I still have to ask my family for advice and receive their support. It is important that I have a consensus with my family.

English writing practice 2025-4-18

Last year, I took a Japanese language certification test but unfortunately failed. After examining the scores I got, my biggest weakness was the listening section. Therefore, I decided to attend a Japanese language cram school to enhance my Japanese language.

The Japanese teacher is a language specialist and has great enthusiasm for Japanese. He always encourages students to talk. What’s more, He often gives listening tests. At the beginning of class, I found it hard to speak in Japanese. In addition, it was difficult to understand the sentences in the listening dialogues. Although learning languages is not my strength, I still worked hard. Several months later, I gradually began to understand the dialogues of listening tests. Finally, I could have small talk with classmates.

Although I wanted to pass the Japanese language certification at beginning, I think that enjoying learning is more important now. Learning foreign languages helps me broaden my horizons and understand other cultures. Therefore, I will continue to put effort into studying Japanese.

Gap year

Some people believe that students should take a gap year after finishing high school to travel or work before entering university. Others think it is better to go straight to university. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

 

 

In America, it is common that some students would go travel or do part time jobs for one year before they enroll in university. I think it has advantages and disadvantages.

First, students could expand their horizons by traveling around. In addition, students would meet different kinds of people during jobs. It would help students learn how to interact with kinds of people and deal with negative emotions by doing part time jobs. Students also learn how to learn to cope with pressure in the workplace.On the other hand, students experience a learning gap because of gap year. They have to take half a year to get familiar with their major subject in university.

Even if gap year has disadvantages for students, I think it it is a worthwhile experience. The most important is they should plan their gap year carefully to minimize risks as much as possible.

Some people believe that in the future, all jobs will be done by robots. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Recently, many reports, newspapers, and review journals have concluded that all jobs will eventually be done by robots. I believe this prediction could become a reality in the future. At that time, robots will transform human life across the globe.

Since the 21st century, many scientists and engineers working in large enterprises and emerging technology companies have developed cutting-edge technology, bringing once-fantastical inventions into practical applications across various fields. Artificial intelligence is now at the forefront and is gradually influencing multiple professions. For example, supervisors have to hire secretaries for arranging their schedules and writing documents drafts. However, the innovative AI platform ChatGPT performs far better than human secretaries. For this reason, integrating AI with robotics could reshape the world. In addition, it is crucial that the most great chip manufacture company, TSMC, produces much more speed of calculation. Robots with chips could complete kinds of works.

Robots will replace human labor, reducing job opportunities over time. Humanity must start considering how to adapt to this transformation.

The Appeal and Challenges of City Life

In modern era, cities have grown due to increasing of migration. Although cities have many job opportunities, cities are facing increasing disadvantages due to a growing population. Therefore, people have to think deeply for living in city or countryside.

Cities have convenient transportation such as railways, MRT and bus systems. People living in cities can take public transportation to travel anywhere. In addition, cities have museums and hold kinds of exhibitions for visitors. The most important is work chances, citizens would improve their standard of living with high salary. For this reason, people choose to migrate to cities to work for large and well-known enterprises. However, cities with large populations face several disadvantages. Governments have to deal with river pollution and shortages of drinking water. Otherwise, the cost of living is gradually increasing. The issue has become the first priority for citizens.

Although cities have several disadvantages, people still prefer to move there due to job opportunities and access to essential services. Moreover, to provide their children with a high-quality education, parents are more willing to live in cities despite the fast-paced and stressful environment.

分福茶釜

這個扭蛋是關於一則日本民間故事~分福茶釜。日本群馬縣茂林寺有保存一個茶釜,據說這個茶釜是由一隻狸貓變身成的。 傳說很久以前有一位生活貧困的老先生,他在野外發現一隻狸貓被陷阱所困,然後這位老先生立即救了這支狸貓。為了感謝老先生的恩德,狸貓變身成茶釜並建議老先生賣掉茶釜換成錢來改善生...